18. Segment Reporting

NORMA Group presents the Group's segments by region. NORMA Group’s reportable segments are the regions Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA); North, Central and South America (Americas); and Asia-Pacific (APAC). NORMA Group's strategy is focused on regional growth targets, among other things. Regional and local priorities are set in the sales channels. All three regions have networked regional and cross-company organizations with different functions. For this reason, the Group's internal reporting and control system of management has a regional focus. The product portfolio does not vary significantly between the segments.

NORMA Group measures the performance of its segments primarily on the basis of the financial performance indicator “adjusted EBIT”.

The adjusted employee benefits and the adjusted other operating expenses reported in the segment reporting correspond to the management view and do not represent the items reported in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the Group and in the result adjusted for special items for each segment. Within the segments, expenses for temporary workers are allocated to expenses for employee benefits. In addition, operating currency gains/losses are not included in the adjusted other operating expenses. A reconciliation of the items to the "Group" is included in the "Consolidation/reclassification" column.

Adjusted EBITDA comprises revenue, changes in inventories of finished goods and work in progress, other own work capitalized, costs for raw materials and supplies, other operating income and expenses, and employee benefit expenses, and is adjusted for significant special effects for management purposes. It is determined in accordance with the accounting policies applied in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

Adjusted EBITA comprises adjusted EBITDA less depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment excluding depreciation and amortization from purchase price allocations.

Adjusted EBIT comprises adjusted EBITA less depreciation and amortization of intangible assets excluding depreciation and amortization from purchase price allocations.

The adjustments within EBITDA, EBITA and EBIT can be found in NOTE 4: ADJUSTMENTS.

Inter-segment revenue is generally recognized at prices that would be agreed with third parties.

Segment assets comprise all assets less (current and deferred) income tax assets. Taxes are reported in segment reporting within consolidation. The assets of the central functions mainly include cash and cash equivalents and receivables from affiliated companies.

Segment liabilities include all liabilities less (actual and deferred) income tax liabilities. Taxes are reported in the segment reporting within the consolidation. The liabilities of the central functions mainly comprise financial liabilities.

Capital expenditure (segment capital expenditure) corresponds to additions to non-current assets (other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment) including capitalized rights of use for movable assets.

Segment assets and segment liabilities are measured using the method applied in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.